The steering damper, is like a shock absorber, it takes any force that is suddenly applied by the road and slows its feed to the handle bars. For example :- If you were to hit a large rock with the left side of the wheel, instead of snapping the bars to the left (or right) it will soak up the force and only allow a slow movement. In this way, the transition to a tank slapper is removed, and also wrist breakage.
A steering damper will no correct for a bikes desire to pull one way or another.